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• Geringer, J. M. and L. Hebert (1989). "Control And Performance Of International Joint Ventures." Journal of International Business Studies 20(2): 235-254.

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Control is a critical concept for successful management and performance of international joint ventures (IJV). A review and synthesis of prior studies suggest that it is possible to distinguish 3 dimensions of IJV control: 1. the focus of control, 2. the extent of control achieved by parent firms, and 3. the mechanisms that parents use to exercise control. Most studies on IJV control have had a limited perspective on the control concept, or they have only looked at one of its dimensions. A review of the literature also suggests that the empirical evidence regarding the control-performance relationship in IJVs is still limited. A model of the study of IJV control is proposed, based on an integrative concept of IJV control that takes into account its different dimensions. It is organized around the concept of strategy. In the model, IJV performance is mainly a function of the fit among the international strategy of the parents, the IJV strategy, and the parameters of control.