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Artz, K. W. and T. H. Brush (2000). 'Asset specificity, uncertainty and relational norms: An examination of coordination costs in collaborative strategic alliances'. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 41(4): 337.
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The paper draws on transaction cost and relational exchange theories to develop a model of the determinants of coordination costs in a collaborative contractual alliance. While some empirical research has examined certain dimensions of alliance performance, almost no studies have attempted to evaluate alliance performance by directly examining exchange costs. Data examining 393 original equipment manufacturer (OEM) supplier relationships that are governed by relational contracts found support for both the transaction cost and relational exchange perspectives. Asset specificity and environmental uncertainty directly increase coordination costs and, by altering the behavioral orientation of the alliance, relational norms lowered exchange costs.