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Shenhar, A. J., O. Levy and D. Dvir (1997). 'Mapping the dimensions of project success'. Project Management Journal 28(2): 5
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Project success is probably the most frequently discussed topic in the field of project management, yet it is the least agreed upon. Various measures have been offered to express the success of a project - most common among them are meeting schedule, budget, and performance goals. Previous studies suggest applying multidimensional frameworks to assess project success. Using a similar approach and based on data collected from 127 projects, a multidimensional universal framework is proposed to assess project success. It is shown that project success could be assessed along at least 4 distinct dimensions: project efficiency, impact on the customer, direct and business success, and preparing for the future. The exact content of each dimension and its relative importance may change with time and is contingent on the specific stakeholder. The mapping provides a basis for additional investigation and for further refinement of individual success measures for specific types of projects.